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19. Explain the role of CARA and adoption procedures under the Juvenile Justice Act, 2015.
- Establishment of CARA: CARA (Central Adoption Resource Authority) is established under Section 68 to regulate adoptions.
- Monitoring Adoptions: It monitors in-country and inter-country adoptions, ensuring adherence to guidelines.
- Oversight of Special Adoption Agencies: CARA oversees Special Adoption Agencies (SAAs) that facilitate the adoption process.
- Registration of PAPs: Prospective Adoptive Parents (PAPs) must register online through CARA’s adoption portal.
- Home Studies: Home studies are conducted to assess the suitability of PAPs.
- Adoption Referrals: Adoption referrals are matched based on the child’s needs and the PAP’s preferences.
- Domestic Adoption Procedures: Section 58 outlines domestic adoption procedures, giving preference to Indian citizens.
- Inter-Country Adoption Procedures: Section 59 governs inter-country adoptions, ensuring compliance with the Hague Adoption Convention.
- Court Orders: Adoption orders are issued by courts, finalizing the child’s placement with the PAPs.
- Post-Adoption Follow-ups: CARA ensures the child’s safety by maintaining post-adoption follow-ups.
- Prevention of Malpractices: It prevents malpractices, ensuring adoptions are ethical and legal.
- Collaboration with Foreign Agencies: CARA collaborates with foreign agencies for inter-country adoptions.
- Case Law – In Re Rasiklal Chhaganlal Mehta (2010): Emphasized CARA’s regulatory role in ensuring ethical adoptions.
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